Study Set Content:
unique tool for assessing the potential effects of chemicals on human health and the environment.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals
Sec. 1:
Physical-Chemical properties
Sec. 2:
Effects on Biotic Systems
Sec. 3:
Environmental fate and behavior
Sec 4
Health Effects
Sec 5
Other Test Guidelines
Oral Cat 1 -5
5,50,300,2000,5000
Dermal 1-5
50-200-1000-2000-5000
Gases 1-5
100, 500, 2500,20000
Vapours 1-5
0.5, 2, 10, 20
Dussts and Mists 1-5
0.05, 05, 1, 5
Is a method of analyzing the relationship between a stimulus and the binomial response. This is widely used to analyze bioassays in pharmacology, entomology and pathology almost exclusively with quantal responses.
Probit Analysis
Probit Analysis test subject
Mosquito larvae
Displays actual doses, corrected response ratios (R/N), estimated probit percentages, sample sizes (N), actual responses (R), and predicted responses E(R). A chi-square goodness-of-fit test is performed.
Observed/Expected Table
– Lists predicted dose values, standard errors, confidence intervals, and probit values for various percentiles (e.g., 1, 5, 10, …, 90, 95, 99).
Dose Percentile Table
How is Probit Analysis calculated
LD50
() LD50 values indicate higher toxicity. () LD50 means lower toxicity.
Lower, Higher
s an in vivo animal model that involves the implantation of tumor cells or patient-derived tissues on the extraembryonic membrane or CAM of the developing chick embryo.
CAM assay
Toxicity in the CAM assay is assessed by evaluating ()()() using imaging software and scoring systems. The extent of these changes is compared to untreated control samples, and statistical analyses to determine significance
vascular damage, angiogenesis inhibition, or tissue necrosis
is a simple, cost effective and requires small amount of test material.It is an important tool for the preliminary cytotoxicity assay of drugs and others based on the ability to kill a laboratory cultured brine shrimp larvae (nauplii).
Brine shrimp lethality assay
